In industrial production, the efficient utilization of energy and cost control have always been the focus of enterprises. As a new type of high - efficiency thermal insulation material, the nanoporous insulation board is gradually emerging in the industrial field, bringing new solutions to industrial energy conservation. The core technology of the nanoporous insulation board lies in its unique nano - scale microporous structure. The size of these micropores is extremely small, generally ranging from dozens to hundreds of nanometers. This microscopic structure greatly restricts the heat conduction path of gas molecules. When gas molecules move in such tiny pores, the frequency of collisions with the pore walls increases, and the energy transfer is hindered, effectively reducing the thermal conductivity of the material. Compared with traditional thermal insulation materials, the thermal conductivity of the nanoporous insulation board can be as low as below 0.013W/(m·K), and its thermal insulation performance has been greatly improved. In the petrochemical industry, many devices need to operate in high - temperature environments, such as reaction kettles and distillation towers. The application of nanoporous insulation boards can significantly reduce the heat loss on the surface of the devices and improve energy utilization efficiency. Take a large - scale oil refinery as an example. If some traditional thermal insulation materials are replaced with nanoporous insulation boards, a large amount of fuel consumption can be saved every year, reducing production costs. At the same time, as the surface temperature of the devices decreases, the working environment can be improved, and potential safety hazards can be reduced. In the power industry, nanoporous insulation boards also play an important role. Using nanoporous insulation boards on equipment such as boilers and steam pipelines in thermal power plants can effectively reduce heat loss, improve the thermal energy utilization rate of steam, and further enhance power generation efficiency. Moreover, its lightweight and ultra - thin characteristics can also reduce the overall weight of the equipment, reducing the difficulty of installation and maintenance. Despite the many advantages of nanoporous insulation boards, there are still some challenges in current industrial applications. On the one hand, their relatively high production costs limit large - scale promotion and application. On the other hand, in some special working conditions, such as strong corrosion and high - humidity environments, their long - term stability still needs further research and verification. With the continuous progress of technology and the optimization of production processes, nanoporous insulation boards are expected to be more widely used in the industrial field, making greater contributions to industrial energy conservation and sustainable development.